Button | SuperCollider 3.13.0 Help

Location: NOT INSTALLED!

Description

A multi-state button.

Some Important Issues Regarding Button

Failure to set any states at all results in an invisible button.

The button performs its action upon releasing the mouse. In musical contexts, you might want to use mouseDownAction_() to set a function to be performed on pressing the mouse (see View, and examples below).

If the drag contains a number, then valueAction_() is performed using the currentDrag. If the drag contains anything else, action is set to the current drag. You could, for example, drag a function to a Button, and action would then be set to that function.

Class Methods

.new

Arguments:

parent	The parent view.
bounds	An instance of Rect, or a Point indicating `width@height`.

Discussion:

Example:( w = Window.new("The Four Noble Truths"); b = Button(w, Rect(20, 20, 340, 30)) .states_([ ["there is suffering", Color.black, Color.red], ["the origin of suffering", Color.white, Color.black], ["the cessation of suffering", Color.red, Color.white], ["there is a path to cessation of suffering", Color.blue, Color.clear] ]) .action_({ arg butt; butt.value.postln; }); w.front; )

Inherited class methods

Instance Methods

.states

An array of labels and colors defining the states of the button.

Arguments:

stateArray

An Array of arrays of the form [ [String, strColor, bgColor] , .... ]( w = Window.new; a = Button(w, Rect(130, 130, 100, 100)); w.front; ) // change the states: a.states = [["yes", Color.grey, Color.white], ["no", Color.white, Color.grey]]; a.states = [["yes", Color.grey, Color.white], ["no", Color.white, Color.grey], ["perhaps", Color.black, Color.green(0.8)], []]; // change the states on action: ( a.action = { |view| if(view.value == 3) { a.states = [[["yes", "no"].choose, Color.grey, Color.white]] } } );

.value

Sets or returns the index of the current state. This will not evaluate the function assigned to action (see View).

Arguments:

argVal

The index of an item in the states array.

.valueAction

Sets the button to display the item at index anInt of the states array, and evaluates action (see View), if the value has changed.

Arguments:

anInt

The index of an item in the states array.

.string

Sets or gets the text of the currently active state.( w = Window("but", Rect(300, 300, 200, 200)).front; b = Button(w, Rect(30, 40, 140, 50)); b.string = "hello button"; )

.font

Sets the Font of the button. Default value is the default font: Font.default .

Arguments:

aFont

An instance of Font.

Subclassing and Internal Methods

The following methods are usually not used directly or are called by a primitive. Programmers can still call or override these as needed.

.doAction

The method called by the primitive upon releasing the mouse.

Arguments:

modifiers

A key modifier number, which is passed to the action as its second argument upon mouse-releasing the button.

.defaultKeyDownAction

Discussion:

The default keydown actions are:

key	action	comment
" "	value + 1	space
\r	value + 1
\n	value + 1
3.asAscii	value + 1	enter key or cmd-C on macOS

To change these use defaultKeyDownAction_, see View.

.properties

A list of properties to which this view responds. See View.

Returns:

[ \bounds, \visible, \enabled, \canFocus, \resize, \background, \minWidth, \maxWidth, \minHeight, \maxHeight, \value, \font, \states, \focusColor ]

.defaultGetDrag

The method called by default when initiating a drag from a Button. Returns the same as -value.

.defaultCanReceiveDrag

The method called by default when attempting to drop a drag in this object. By default, Button will respond only to drags where the drag contains a Number or Function.

.defaultReceiveDrag

The default method called when a drag has been received. If the drag contains a number, then action is set to the current drag. Otherwise valueAction_() is performed using the currentDrag.

Inherited instance methods

Examples

In a musical context, a button-down press is more meaningful than a button-up (release) as it's more intuitive to press a button on the beat. For that you can use View's View: -mouseDownAction (a superclass of Button).( s.waitForBoot({ w = Window.new; b = Button(w, Rect(20, 20, 80, 26)) .states_([["play", Color.black, Color.rand]]) .mouseDownAction_({ a = {EnvGen.kr(Env.adsr, doneAction: Done.freeSelf) * SinOsc.ar(440, 0, 0.4)}.play; }) .action_({ arg butt, mod; a.release(0.3); }); w.front; }) )

If you drag a function to a button, the button's action is set to that function. you can us this for swapping functions.( s.waitForBoot({ var w, p, snd, b; w = Window.new; b = Button(w, Rect(20, 20, 80, 26)) .states_([["start a sound", Color.black, Color.green], ["stop", Color.black, Color.red]]) .action_({}); v = VLayoutView(w, Rect(140, 20, 200, 300)); //Group the following views StaticText(v, Rect(20, 20, 180, 60)) .string_("The button does nothing at first, so try dragging a function to the button"); DragSource(v, Rect(20, 20, 80, 26)) .object_( {|b| (b.value == 1).if{ snd = { SinOsc.ar(440,0,0.6) }.play} { snd.free }; } //a button action function ) .string_("a play sine function").align_(\center).background_(Color.rand); DragSource(v, Rect(20, 20, 80, 26)) .object_( {|b| (b.value == 1).if{ snd = { Saw.ar(440,0.4) }.play} { snd.free }; } //a button action function ) .string_("a play saw function").align_(\center).background_(Color.rand); DragSource(v, Rect(20, 20, 80, 26)) .object_( {|b| (b.value == 1).if{ snd = { WhiteNoise.ar(0.4) }.play } { snd.free }; } //a button action function ) .string_("a play noise function").align_(\center).background_(Color.rand); p = CmdPeriod.add({ b.value_(0) }); // set button to 0 on hitting Cmd-period w.onClose_{ snd.free; CmdPeriod.removeAll };//clean up when window is closed w.front; }) )

Using Routine to set button states on the fly.( var update, w, b; w = Window.new("State Window", Rect(150,Window.screenBounds.height - 140, 380, 60)); // a convenient way to set the button label update = { |but, string| but.states = [[string.asString, Color.black, Color.red]]; but.refresh; }; b = Button(w, Rect(10, 10, 360, 40)); b.font_(Font("Impact", 24)); update.value(b, "there is only one state"); // if an action should do something different each time it is called, a routine is the // right thing to use. This is better than creating variables outside and setting them // from the action function to keep state from one action to the next b.action_(Routine { |butt| rrand(15, 45).do { |i| update.value(butt, "%. there is still only 1 state".format(i + 2)); 0.yield; // stop here }; w.close; }); w.front; )

Using Routine to set button states on the fly 2.( s.waitForBoot({ var update, w, b; w = Window.new("State Window", Rect(150, Window.screenBounds.height - 140, 380, 60)); // a convenient way to set the button label update = { |but, string| but.states = [[string.asString, Color.black, Color.red]]; but.refresh }; b = Button(w, Rect(10, 10, 360, 40)); b.font_(Font("Impact", 24)); update.value(b, "there is only one state"); // if an action should do something different each time it is called, a routine is the // right thing to use. This is better than creating variables outside and setting them // from the action function to keep state from one action to the next b.action_(Routine { |butt| var synth, guessVal; update.value(butt, "there are only two states"); 0.yield; // stop here update.value(butt, "click me"); 0.yield; // stop here update.value(butt, "click me again"); 0.yield; // stop here .. // create a synth synth = { |freq = 1000, rate = 5| Ringz.ar( Impulse.ar(rate.lag(4) * [1,1.01]), freq, rrand(0.01, 0.1), 0.3 ) }.play; 0.yield; guessVal = exprand(200.0, 18000).round; synth.set(\freq, guessVal); // set the synth update.value(butt, "?"); 0.yield; update.value(butt, guessVal.asString + "Hz"); // display frequency 0.yield; synth.set(\rate, rrand(10, 50)); // set trigger rate // start an independent process fork({ 5.wait; synth.release; update.value(butt, "."); 1.wait; w.close }, AppClock); }); CmdPeriod.doOnce({w.close}); w.front; }); )

Complex drag and drop example try dragging the buttons to white slot, and then between white slots, or simply out of the view.( var w, f, slots; var insert, remove; slots = Dictionary.new; remove = {arg slot, id; [slot, id].postln; }; insert = {arg slot, fx; if(fx != ""){ slots["slot"++slot].value_(0).states_([[fx, Color.white, Color.blue]]); [slot, fx].postln; }{ slots["slot"++slot].value_(0).states_([["", Color.white, Color.white]]); remove.value(slot, fx); }; }; w = Window.new("",Rect(200, 400, 448, 180)); w.view.decorator = f = FlowLayout(w.view.bounds); StaticText(w, 400@20).string_("Drag & Drop holding down Cmd-key"); f.nextLine; 6.do{arg i; var fxwin, winOpen = false, empty = ["", Color.white, Color.white]; slots["slot" ++ i] = Button.new(w, 70@70) .states_([empty]) .action_({|v| if((slots["slot" ++ i].states[0][0] != "") && ( winOpen == false)) { fxwin = Window(slots["slot" ++ i].states[0][0], Rect(rrand(0, 500),rrand(0, 500),200, 200)).front; fxwin.view.background_(Color.rand); fxwin.onClose_({ winOpen = false}); winOpen = true } { if(winOpen == true) { fxwin.front } }; }) .canReceiveDragHandler_({ View.currentDrag.isString }) .receiveDragHandler_({ insert.value(i, View.currentDrag) }) .beginDragAction_({ var drag; drag = slots["slot" ++ i].states[0][0]; slots["slot" ++ i].value_(0).states_([empty]); remove.value(i, View.currentDrag); drag; }) .keyDownAction_({ arg view,char,modifiers,unicode,keycode; switch(keycode) { 51 } { slots["slot"++i].value_(0).states_([empty]); slots["slot"++i].refresh; remove.value(i, View.currentDrag); }; }); }; f.nextLine; ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f"].do{ arg item, i; Button.new(w, 70@70) .states_([ [ item ] ]) .action_({ |v| }) .beginDragAction_({item}) }; w.front; )

helpfile source: https://github.com/supercollider/supercollider/tree/3.13/HelpSource/Classes/Button.schelp
link::Classes/Button::